Micro-organisms
AS90927 Biology 1.3 Achievement Standard 90927 Biological Ideas Relating to Micro-organisms. AKA Microbiology
The Pages
Demonstrate understanding of biological ideas related to micro-organisms
Achieved = demonstrate understanding = define, draw diagrams, characteristics
Merit = In depth = explaining
Excellence = Comprehensive = linking ideas, elaborating, explaining, justifying, applying, relating, comparing and contrasting, analyzing, evaluating
Micro-organisms = Bacteria, Fungi, Viruses
Biological ideas = Structure, culturing, life processes, environmental factors that affect life processes
Life processes = Nutrition, Growth, Respiration, Reproduction, Excretion (just Reproduction for Viruses) (note, no sensitivity or movement)
Environmental Factors = Temperature, Oxygen, Nutrients, Moisture, Competition, Chemicals = pH, disinfectants, toxins, antibiotics
Environmental factors on Life processes = nutrient cycling in ecosystems, food production and preservation, food poisoning, sewage treatment, disease in plants, microbes on everyday materials, antibiotics, antibiotic resistance and genetic mutation in epidemiology
Absolutely key terms: inoculate, extracellular digestion, enzyme, parasite, pathogen, toxin, decomposer, aerobic, anaerobic, hyphae, binary fission, spores, sporangium, antibiotic, vaccine
Learning Intentions
Bacteria Life Processes
I can define the key structures of bacteria
Draw and label a diagram of bacteria
Describe how bacteria carry out life processes: MRS GREN
Write the correct word equation for aerobic and anaerobic respiration
I can explain the function of the key structures of bacteria
Culture bacteria on a sterile nutrient agar plate and explain its growth
Analyse a sigmoidal bacterial growth curve
Compare and contrast the differences between anaerobic vs. aerobic respiration
I can relate the role of each part of bacteria to its survival.
Discuss the environmental factors that affect the life processes of bacteria (temperature, oxygen, nutrients, water, pH, chemicals, antibiotics and competition)
Fungi Life Processes
I can define the key structures of fungi
Draw and label a diagram of fungi
Describe how fungi carry out life processes: MRS GREN
Grow common black fungus on bread
I can explain the function of the key structures of fungi.
Culture fungi growth on a medium
Grow common black fungus on bread
I can relate the role of each part of fungi to its survival
Discuss the environmental factors that affect the life processes of fungi (temperature, oxygen, nutrients, water, pH, chemicals, antibiotics and competition)
Virus Life Processes
I can define the key structures of viruses
Draw and label a diagram of viruses
Describe how viruses can only carry out reproduction
I can explain the function of the key structures of viruses
Explain why viruses cannot be grown on a medium
Draw and explain the lytic cycle of a virus
I can relate the role of each part of virus to its survival
Discuss the lack of life processes in a virus
The importance of Enzymes
I can define the function of enzymes
Label the enzyme, substrate and active site in an enzyme-substrate complex
State how nutrient availability and space effect the MRS GREN of microbes
Draw and describe the optimum activity curve for temperature and pH
Explain why enzymes denature with changes in temperature
I can discuss methods used in the food industry to apply the effects of environmental factors in order to carry out food preservation
Discuss methods used in food preservation and link them to enzyme activity
Pathogens and Disease
Define "disease" and "pathogens"
Outline how pathogens can be transmitted
Explain how diseases make us sick
Describe how the immune system functions to defend against disease in humans
Describe the fungal antibiotic effect on bacteria
Describe the effect of a fungal, bacterial or viral infection in animals and plants
Describe ways in which pathogens are discouraged from entering the body
Discuss why bacteria become resistant to antibiotics.
Nutrient Cycling
Draw and label the processes involved in the carbon cycle and nitrogen cycle
Name the processes of carbon movement through the carbon cycle
Explain the microbial steps in nitrogen fixation and in the conversion of ammonia to nitrite to nitrate.
State the equation for nitrification, denitrification and ammonification
Explain why elements need to be recycled on earth
Describe how carbon moves from each storage location in the carbon cycle
Describe the carbon sinks
Discuss how microorganisms are helpful in composting and the treatment of sewerage.
Discuss the role of fungi in decomposition in composting
Discuss the role of bacteria and fungi in decomposition in sewerage treatment